The frequent armed conflicts in equatorial africa and neighboring countries tend to be primarily8/19/2023 Controlled irrigation of the fertile valley produced surplus crops, which fueled social development and culture. The civilization of ancient Egypt thrived from its adaptation to the conditions of the Nile River Valley. The rule of the pharaohs officially ended in 31 BC when the early Roman Empire conquered Egypt and made it a province. After the end of the last kingdom, known as the New Kingdom, the civilization of ancient Egypt entered a period of slow, steady decline, during which Egypt was conquered by a succession of foreign powers. Its history occurred in a series of stable periods, known as kingdoms, separated by periods of relative instability known as Intermediate Periods. The civilization began around 3150 BC with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the first pharaoh, and it developed over the next three millennia. The earliest known hippopotamus fossils, belonging to the Kenyapotamus in Africa, date to around 16 mya.Īlthough there are an estimated 125,000 to 150,000 hippos throughout Sub-Saharan Africa, they are still threatened by poaching and habitat loss.Īncient Egypt was a civilization in eastern North Africa concentrated along the middle to lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now the modern nation of Egypt. ![]() The common ancestor of whales and hippos split from other even-toed ungulates around 60 mya. ![]() While hippos rest near each other in territories in the water, grazing is a solitary activity and hippos are not territorial on land.ĭespite their physical resemblance to pigs and other terrestrial even-toed ungulates, their closest living relatives are cetaceans- whales, porpoises and the like. During the day they remain cool by staying in the water or mud reproduction and childbirth both occur in water, where territorial bulls preside over a stretch of river. The hippopotamus is a semi-aquatic mammal, inhabiting rivers and lakes in sub-Saharan Africa in large groups of up to 40 hippos. The hippopotamus ( Hippopotamus amphibius) is a large, mostly plant-eating African mammal, one of only two extant species in the family Hippopotamidae (the other being the Pygmy Hippopotamus).
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